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How to flush Redis cache and delete everything using the CLInixCraft Updated...
{Updated} This page explains various methods to delete Redis server key-values (keys) and clear Redis cache from your Linux and Unix server, including AWS ElastiCache for Redis.The post How to flush...
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How to find out video card GPU memory RAM size on LinuxnixCraft Updated...
{Updated} I am trying to find out my NVDIA display card memory size on Fedora Linux. How do I find out my VIDEO Card (VGA) Memory size on Linux?The post How to find out video card GPU memory RAM size...
View ArticleShell script too see Time-To-Live (TTL) for a DNS recordnixCraft
Say you want to see the Time-To-Live (TTL) value for a given DNS record for A, AAAA, and MX. Here is a sample shell script that works on Linux, Unix, and macOS. You must have the bash and dig command...
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How to repeat a character ‘n’ times in BashnixCraft
Let us say you want to repeat a character such as '-' OR '=' multiple times while writing bash script. Please note that I needed a quick script to work on Linux, macOS, and FreeBSD server to repeat a...
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How to install LAMP on Debian 10 (Buster)nixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} The LAMP is an acronym for software stack that includes Linux, Apache web server, MariaDB database (MySQL drop in replacement), and PHP web scripting language. This page shows you how to...
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How to audit SSH server and client config on Linux/UnixnixCraft Updated...
{Updated} All developers and Unix users know how to use an ssh client. OpenSSH is a widely used implementation of Secure Shell (SSH) Internet communication protocol. Back in the old days, Unix folks...
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How to install Redis server on Ubuntu LinuxnixCraft
How do I install the Redis server on the Ubuntu Linux version 18.04/20.04 LTS server to speed up database caching in memory?Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp -...
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How To: Linux Find Large Files in a DirectorynixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} There is no single command that can be used to list all large files. But, with the help of find command command and shell pipes, you can easily list all large files. This page explains how to...
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Linux help command examples and syntaxnixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} You can use the help command to display help about built-in Bash commands. A shell builtin is nothing but a command or a function, called from a shell, that is executed directly in the shell...
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How to convert man page to HTML on Linux and UnixnixCraft
We can easily convert all Linux man pages to HTML, text, or pdf format. To display online manual documentation pages in terminal on Linux, macOS, *BSD, and Unix-like systems, we use the man command....
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How To Run Commands When You Log Out Using ~/.bash_logoutnixCraft Updated...
{Updated} When you exit a login Bash session/shell, you can run commands on macOS/Linux/Unix. Useful to remove bash/mysql history or run backup job so that files are backed up as soon as you exit a...
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Cut command in Linux with examplesnixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} The Unix or Linux cut command is an extremely useful tool for filtering information. Here is a brief overview for new Linux, macOS, *BSD and Unix users.The post Cut command in Linux with...
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How to copy and transfer files remotely on Linux using scp and rsyncnixCraft
In Linux, how do I copy and transfer files remotely between two Linux machines? What command do I need to use to transfer files between Unix/macOS and Linux computers securely?Love this? sudo share_on:...
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Linux commands to check the Laptop battery's status via the terminalnixCraft...
{Updated} How do I find out details about my Linux Laptops temperature, battery status and other information from the command prompt? How can I check battery status using the terminal on Linux?The post...
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How to set up ZFS ARC size on Ubuntu/Debian LinuxnixCraft
When working with Ubuntu, Debian Linux, and ZFS, you will run into ZFS cache size problems. You see, not all Ubuntu or Debian servers need aggressive file caching. Some servers act as a web server or...
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How To Reuse SSH Connection To Speed Up Remote Login Process Using...
{Updated} How do I reuse ssh connection using multiplexing to speed up remote login procedure with OpenSSH client under Linux, macOS, *BSD and Unix-like operating systems?The post How To Reuse SSH...
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How to see what packages updates available on Alpine LinuxnixCraft
On Debian or Ubuntu Linux, one can run 'apt list --upgradable' command to see and list available package updates. On RHEL, we can use 'dnf check-update' to list available updates on screen. However,...
View ArticleShell script to monitor MariaDB replication and send email alert about server...
Here is a simple shell script to notify secondary read-only replica (slave) MariaDB server health status failure via email and push notification. Master-slave data replication allows you to copy...
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What Does ‐‐ (double dash) Mean In SSH Shell Command?nixCraft Updated...
{Updated} This page explains the use of the double-dash ('‐‐') in Linux, macOS, and Unix shell commands. For example: lxc exec container ‐‐ sh -c 'apt update && apt -y upgrade'. First, let us...
View ArticleHow to find a path of a Linux command like a pronixCraft
One of the most common questions I get is how can I find a Linux command path that I just installed on Linux using a package manager such as apt/dnf command. We have many new developers coming from the...
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OpenSSH Change a Passphrase With ssh-keygen commandnixCraft Updated...
{Updated} How do I change OpenSSH passphrase for one of my private keys under Linux, OpenBSD, FreeBSD, Apple macOS/OS X or Unix-like operating systems?The post OpenSSH Change a Passphrase With...
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Linux Find Out BIOS Version Using a Command Line OptionnixCraft Updated...
{Updated} How do I find out BIOS version using a Linux command line option? How do I check the motherboard BIOS version using Linux command line option?The post Linux Find Out BIOS Version Using a...
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How to define multiple when conditions in AnsiblenixCraft
Sometimes we need to evaluate multiple when conditions in Ansible playbooks. Let us see how to define multiple when conditions in Ansible for a single task.Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook...
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How to set up Redis sentinel cluster on Ubuntu or Debian LinuxOpensource Flare✨
{nixCraft Patreon supporters content}This guide explains how to set up Redis sentinel failover cluster for caching database or any other data type in high availability node. Software and hardware...
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How To Set Up SSH Keys With YubiKey as two-factor authentication...
{nixCraft Patreon supporters content}All Linux and Unix servers are managed manually or by automation tools such as Ansible using ssh. For example, say you have a server at Linode or AWS. Then you copy...
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How to find the number of RAM Slots in LinuxnixCraft
Sometimes Linux sysadmins or developers need to determine the number of RAM slots on their servers or desktop/laptop without opening the case. Then, it is helpful to upgrade or install new RAM. Let us...
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How to find and replace ALL IP addresses with a new onenixCraft
At a certain point, I needed to change the VLAN IP address such as 172.0.0.2 with 172.0.0.1 for ease of use. As you know, Linux and Unix-like operating system stores all IP addresses and config in...
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How to change hostname on Debian 10 LinuxnixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} How do I change the hostname of a Debian Linux 10 'Buster' operating system permanently using the command line tools?The post How to change hostname on Debian 10 Linux appeared first on...
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How to upgrade Debian 10 to Debian 11 Bullseye using the CLInixCraft
I have Debian 10.10 installed on the AWS EC2 and Linode server. How do I upgrade Debian 10 Buster to Debian 11 Bullseye using the apt command or apt-get command safely? How can I upgrade Debian 10 to...
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cat command in Linux / Unix with ExamplesnixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} I am a new Linux and Unix system user. How do I use cat command on Linux or Unix-like operating systems? Can you provide basic examples and syntax usage for cat command?The post cat command...
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How to disable core dumps in Linux including systemdnixCraft
Core dumps created for diagnosing and debugging errors in Linux apps. They are also known as memory dump, crash dump, system dump, or ABEND dump. However, core dumps may contain sensitive info—for...
View ArticleFreeBSD bhyve, OpenSSL, GEOM & libfetch security fixes releasednixCraft
All supported versions of FreeBSD are affected by various security bugs that need to be applied ASAP. For example, a memory corruption bug exists in the bhyve hypervisor. Another overwrite the stack of...
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How to switch boot target to text or GUI in systemd LinuxnixCraft
Most modern Linux distro uses systemd as init replacement. It is a suite of basic building blocks for Linux distros such as RHEL/CentOS & co, OpenSUSE/SUSE, Fedora, Arch, Debian, Ubuntu, and more....
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How to set up Mariadb Galera cluster on Ubuntu or Debian LinuxOpensource Flare✨
{nixCraft Patreon supporters content}This guide explains how to set up MariaDB high-availability cluster for the database using the Galera library, which provides a virtual mater-to-master three-node...
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How To Put Multi-Line Comment in Shell ScriptnixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} This page describes various methods developers and sysadmin can use to put a multi-Line comment in shell script (bash/ksh) running on a Unix or Linux box.The post How To Put Multi-Line...
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How to Set or Change Hostname in Amazon Linux EC2 InstancenixCraft
I am a new Amazon Linux 2 EC2 instance user. My EC2 name was set to 'ip-172-26-7-134' during instance creation. But now, I would like to change the EC2 hostname to 'stats1'. Can you tell me how do I...
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How to see grep output in color with highlighting featurenixCraft Updated...
{Updated} The grep command is the de facto tool for searching text files. However, finding the requested text in the search results can be difficult when there are too many matches. So how do you grep...
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Linux Execute Cron Job After System RebootnixCraft Updated Tutorials/Posts
{Updated} crontab is the program used to install, deinstall, or list the tables used to drive the cron daemon in Vixie Cron. You can run a cron job after Linux or Unix system rebooted. Handy for tasks...
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How to install Docker on Amazon Linux 2nixCraft
How do I install docker and docker-compose using the yum command on Amazon Linux 2 running on the EC2 or Lightsail cloud instance?Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp -...
View ArticleHow to use htmlq to extract content from HTML files on Linux, macOS or...
Most of us use love and use the jq command. It works on Linux or Unix-like systems to extract data from JSON documents. Recently I found htmlq, which is like jq and written in Rust lang. Imagine being...
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How To Find OpenSuse / SUSE Linux Version Using CLInixCraft Updated...
{Updated} How do I find out my Suse Linux / OpenSuse Linux / Suse Enterprise Linux server/desktop version using the command line options? What is the command to find out OpenSUSE Linux version?The post...
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How to list all installed packages on OpenSUSE/SUSE LinuxnixCraft
So you want to see a list of all packages installed on your SUSE Linux or OpenSUSE Linux system? Try these simple tips for listing all packages.Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn -...
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How to upgrade OpenSUSE 15.2 to 15.3 using the CLInixCraft
The most advanced OpenSUSE version is 15.3 and is an opportunity for both desktop and server users on the previous 15.2 release to update OpenSUSE Linux to get the newest software stack. It is easy to...
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A podman tutorial for beginners – part IOpensource Flare✨
{nixCraft Patreon supporters content}This guide explains how to build and deploy applications quickly with Podman to the cloud server of your choice. All examples in this tutorial are tested on Fedora...
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How do I list lxc snapshots for LXD on Linux?nixCraft
I explained a long time ago how to take LXD instance snapshots using the lxc command. Today I will talk about how to list lxc snapshots and automatically purge those snapshots from LXD to free up disk...
View ArticleHow to generate WireGuard QR code on Linux for mobilenixCraft
I have written about setting up the WireGuard server on Linux. I have written about setting up the WireGuard server on Linux. Today, I will share a tip that allows creating QR codes for WireGuard VPN...
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How to install FFmpeg with NVIDIA GPU acceleration on LinuxnixCraft
The ffmpeg is free and open-source video converter software for Linux and Unix-like systems. However, on Ubuntu/Debian Linux and other distros, NVIDIA hardware-based encoding is disabled at compile...
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How to protect Linux against rogue USB devices using USBGuardOpensource Flare✨
{nixCraft Patreon supporters content}You deployed a perfect firewall and other network security policies preventing unauthorized access to the user's desktop computer over a network. However, you still...
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macOS Terminal: -bash: warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale...
{Updated} Learn how to fix warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE: cannot change locale (UTF-8): No such file or directory on macOS or OX terminal.The post macOS Terminal: -bash: warning: setlocale: LC_CTYPE:...
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How to find the NVIDIA cuda versionnixCraft
I need to find out the CUDA version installed on Linux. How do I know what version of CUDA I have?Love this? sudo share_on: Twitter - Facebook - LinkedIn - Whatsapp - RedditThe post How to find the...
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